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Foundations of human sociality

economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies
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Verfasser*innenangabe: ed. by Joseph Henrich ...
Jahr: 2004
Verlag: Oxford [u.a.], Oxford Univ. Press
Mediengruppe: Buch
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Inhalt

What motives underlie the ways humans interact socially? Are these the same for all societies? Are these part of our nature, or influenced by our environments? Over the last decade, research in experimental economics has emphatically falsified the textbook representation of Homo economicus. Hundreds of experiments suggest that people care not only about their own material payoffs, but also about such things as fairness, equity, and reciprocity. However, this research left fundamental questions unanswered: Are such social preferences stable components of human nature, or are they modulated by economic, social, and cultural environments? Until now, experimental research could not address this question because virtually all subjects had been university students. Combining ethnographic and experimental approaches to fill this gap, this book breaks new ground in reporting the results of a large cross-cultural study aimed at determining the sources of social (non-selfish) preferences that underlie the diversity of human sociality.
In this study, the same experiments carried out with university students were performed in fifteen small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of social, economic, and cultural conditions. The results show that the variation in behaviour is far greater than previously thought, and that the differences between societies in market integration and the importance of cooperation explain a substantial portion of this variation, which individual-level economic and demographic variables could not. The results also trace the extent to which experimental play mirrors patterns of interaction found in everyday life. The book includes a succinct but substantive introduction to the use of game theory as an analytical tool, and to its use in the social sciences for the rigorous testing of hypotheses about fundamental aspects of social behaviour outside artificially constructed laboratories. The editors also summarize the results of the fifteen case studies in a suggestive chapter about the scope of the project. (Verlagsinformation)
 
/ AUS DEM INHALT: / / / 1. Introduction and Guide to the Volume , Joseph Henrich, Robert Boyd, Samuel Bowles, Colin Camerer, Ernst Fehr, and Herbert Gintis
2. Overview and Synthesis , Joseph Henrich, Robert Boyd, Samuel Bowles, Colin Camerer, Ernst Fehr, Herbert Gintis, and Richard McElreath
3. Measuring Social Norms and Preferences Using Experimental Games: A Guide for Social Sciences , Colin Camerer and Ernst Fehr`
4. Coalitional Effects on Reciprocal Fairness in the Ultimatum Game: A Case from the Ecuadorian Amazon , John Q. Patton
5. Comparative Experimental Evidence from Machiguenga, Mapuche, Huinca, and American Populations Shows Substantial Variation Among Social Groups in Bargaining and Public Goods Behavior , Joseph Henrich and Natalie Smith
6. Dictators and Ultimatums in an Egalitarian Society of Hunter-Gatherers - the Hadza of Tanzania , Frank Marlowe
7. Does Market Exposure Affect Economic Game Behavior? The Ultimatum Game and the Public Goods Game Among the Tsimane of Bolivia , Michael Gurven
8. Market Integration, Reciprocity, and Fairness in Rural Papua New Guinea: Results from a Two-Village Ultimatum Game Experiment , David Tracer
9. Ultimatum Game with an Ethnicity Manipulation: Results from Khovdiin Bulgan Sum, Mongolia , Francisco J. Gil-White
10. Kinship, Familiarity, and Trust: An Experimental Investigation , Avigail Barr
11. Community Structure, Mobility, and the Strength of Norms in an Africa Society: the Sangu of Tanzania , Richard McElreath
12. Market Integration and Fairness: Evidence from Ultimatum, Dictator, and Public Goods Experiments in East Africa , Jean Ensminger
13. Economic Experiments to Examine Fairness and Cooperation among the Ache Indians of Paraguay , Kim Hill and Mike Gurven
14. The Ultimatum Game, Fairnes
 
 

Details

Suche nach Verfasser*in
Verfasser*innenangabe: ed. by Joseph Henrich ...
Jahr: 2004
Verlag: Oxford [u.a.], Oxford Univ. Press
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Systematik: Suche nach dieser Systematik GW.AP, FS.E
Interessenkreis: Suche nach diesem Interessenskreis Sprache: Englisch
ISBN: 0-19-926204-7
2. ISBN: 9780199262052
Beschreibung: 1. publ., XIX, 451 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
Schlagwörter: Aufsatzsammlung, Experimentelle Wirtschaftsforschung, Kooperation, Naturvolk, Sozialverhalten, Wirtschaftliches Verhalten, Wirtschaftsethnologie, Beiträge, Cooperation (eng), Naturvölker, Partnerschaft <Kooperation>, Primitive, Sammelwerk, Soziale Verhaltensweisen, Soziales Verhalten, Zusammenarbeit
Beteiligte Personen: Suche nach dieser Beteiligten Person Henrich, Joseph [Hrsg.]; Bowles, Samuel
Sprache: Englisch
Fußnote: Literaturangaben
Mediengruppe: Buch