This open access book aims to set an agenda for research and action in the field of Digital Humanism through short essays written by selected thinkers from a variety of disciplines, including computer science, philosophy, education, law, economics, history, anthropology, political science, and sociology. This initiative emerged from the Vienna Manifesto on Digital Humanism and the associated lecture series.
Digital Humanism deals with the complex relationships between people and machines in digital times. It acknowledges the potential of information technology. At the same time, it points to societal threats such as privacy violations and ethical concerns around artificial intelligence, automation and loss of jobs, ongoing monopolization on the Web, and sovereignty. Digital Humanism aims to address these topics with a sense of urgency but with a constructive mindset. The book argues for a Digital Humanism that analyses and, most importantly, influences the complex interplay of technology and humankind toward a better society and life while fully respecting universal human rights. It is a call to shaping technologies in accordance with human values and needs. (Verlagstext)
Inhalt:
Part I: Artificial Intelligence, Humans, and Control 1
Are We Losing Control? / Edward A. Lee 3
Social Robots: Their History and What They Can Do for Us / Nadia Magnenat Thalmann 9
Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Control / Stuart Russell 19
The Challenge of Human Dignity in the Era of Autonomous Systems / Paola Inverardi 25
Part II: Participation and Democracy 31
The Real Cost of Surveillance Capitalism: Digital Humanism in the United States and Europe /Allison Stanger 33
Democratic Discourse in the Digital Public Sphere: Re-imagining Copyright Enforcement on Online Social Media Platforms / Sunimal Mendis 41
The Internet Is Dead: Long Live the Internet / George Zarkadakis 47
Return to Freedom: Governance of Fair Innovation Ecosystems / Hans Akkermans, Jaap Gordijn, Anna Bon 53
Decolonizing Technology and Society: A Perspective from the Global South / Anna Bon, Francis Dittoh, Gossa Lô, Mónica Pini, Robert Bwana, Cheah WaiShiang et al. 61
Part III: Ethics and Philosophy of Technology 69
Digital Humanism and the Limits of Artificial Intelligence / Julian Nida-Rümelin, 71
Explorative Experiments and Digital Humanism: Adding an Epistemic Dimension to the Ethical Debate / Viola Schiaffonati 77
Digital Humanism and Global Issues in Artificial Intelligence Ethics / Guglielmo Tamburrini 83
Our Digital Mirror / Erich Prem 89
Part IV: Information Technology and the Arts 95
Fictionalizing the Robot and Artificial Intelligence / Nathalie Weidenfeld 97
How to Be a Digital Humanist in International Relations: Cultural Tech Diplomacy Challenges Silicon Valley / Clara Blume, Martin Rauchbauer 101
We Are Needed More Than Ever: Cultural Heritage, Libraries, and Archives / Anita Eichinger, Katharina Prager 109
Humanism and the Great Opportunity of Intelligent User Interfaces for Cultural Heritage / Oliviero Stock 115
Part V: Data, Algorithm, and Fairness 121
The Attention Economy and the Impact of Artificial Intelligence / Ricardo Baeza-Yates, Usama M. Fayyad 123
Did You Find It on the Internet? Ethical Complexities of Search Engine Rankings / Cansu Canca 135
Personalization, Fairness, and Post-Userism / Robin Burke 145
Part VI: Platform Power 151
The Curation Chokepoint / James Larus 153
Business Model Innovation and the Rise of Technology Giants / Geoffrey G. Parker 159
Scaling Up Broken Systems? Considerations from the Area of Music Streaming / Peter Knees 165
The Platform Economy After COVID-19: Regulation and the Precautionary Principle / Cristiano Codagnone 173
Part VII: Education and Skills of the Future 181
Educational Requirements for Positive Social Robotics / Johanna Seibt 183
Informatics as a Fundamental Discipline in General Education: The Danish Perspective / Michael E. Caspersen 191
The Unbearable Disembodiedness of Cognitive Machines / Enrico Nardelli 201
Part VIII: Digital Geopolitics and Sovereignty 211
The Technological Construction of Sovereignty / Paul Timmers 213
A Crucial Decade for European Digital Sovereignty / George Metakides 219
Geopolitics and Digital Sovereignty / Ciaran Martin 227
Cultural Influences on Artificial Intelligence: Along the New Silk Road / Lynda Hardman 233
Geopolitics, Digital Sovereignty…What’s in a Word? / Hannes Werthner 241
Part IX: Systems and Society 249
Work Without Jobs / Daniel K. Samaan 251
Why Don’t You Do Something to Help Me? Digital Humanism: A Call for Cities to Act / Michael Stampfer 257
Ethics or Quality of Life? / Hubert Österle 263
Responsible Technology Design: Conversations for Success / Susan J. Winter, Brian S. Butler 271
Navigating Through Changes of a Digital World / Nathalie Hauk, Manfred Hauswirth 277
Part X: Learning from Crisis 283
Efficiency vs. Resilience: Lessons from COVID-19 / Moshe Y. Vardi 285
Contact Tracing Apps: A Lesson in Societal Aspects of Technological Development / Walter Hötzendorfer 291
Data, Models, and Decisions: How We Can Shape Our World by Not Predicting the Future / Niki Popper 297
Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic / Alfonso Fuggetta 303
The Need for Respectful Technologies: Going Beyond Privacy / Elissa M. Redmiles 309
Part XI: Realizing Digital Humanism 315
Digital Humanism: Navigating the Tensions Ahead / Helga Nowotny 317
Should We Rethink How We Do Research? / Carlo Ghezzi 323