Verlagstext:
Tourism is an important economic factor. Besides its many benefits, there are, however, many potential dangers: emissions, environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, social imbalance, etc.
The concept of sustainable tourism shows how tourism might be both, an important and promising economic factor as well as a sustainable lesure-time pursuit.
Tourismus ist ein wichtiger ökonomischer Faktor. Tourismus verursacht aber auch zahlreiche Probleme: CO2-Emissionen, soziale Ungleichheit und Umweltprobleme sind nur einige davon.
Eine Lösung des Problems könnte der nachhaltige Tourismus sein. Dessen Grundzüge werden in diesem englischsprachigen Lehrbuch vorgestellt und kritisch diskutiert.
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1 Introduction 7
2 Tourism 13
2.1 Definition 13
2.2 Pre-tourism forms of travelling 14
2.3 The economic power of tourism 15
2.4 Mass tourism and its"ecologicalcosts" 17
2.5 Money flow to and at destinations 20
2.6 The ecologicalfootprint 22
2.7 Negative consequences of mobility 27
2.8 Mass tourism and its"socialcosts" 32
3 Alternative forms of tourism 35
3.1 Forms and definitions 35
3.1.1 Alternative and sustainable tourism 36
3.1.2 Nature-based tourism 40
3.1.3 Environmentallyandsociallyfriendlytourism and ecotourism 41
3.1.4 Special forms of ecotourism: conservation and volunteer tourism 45
3.1.5 Farm tourism 46
3.1.6 Pro-poor tourism 47
3.1.7 Adventure tourism 47
3.1.8 Criticism of there levance of definitions with regard to sustainability 48
3.2 Low-carbon travelling 49
3.2.1 Soft mobility 49
3.2.2 CO2-sequestration by treeplanting 52
3.3 Touristic attractiveness of natural areas 53
4 Combining nature conservation and sustainable tourism 55
4.1 Finding the right balance 55
4.2 Should there be entrance fees for national parks? 55
4.3 Disturbances in protected areas caused by tourism 59
4.4 The concept of carrying capacity 60
4.5 Big-game hunting 65
4.6 PAN parks: combining wilderness protection and Economic benefits 69
4.6.1 The Protected Areas Network and ist objectives 69
4.6.2 Acceptance by local communities 73
4.7 Implementation of ecotourism projects 74
4.8 Tourism and ethics 77
5 From the analysis of tourist trips to an evaluation schema 79
5.1 Important issues in evaluating tourist trips 79
5.2Analysis of tourist trips 85
5.3 A systematic approach to tourist trip evaluation 101
6 Guidelines for planning and managing sustainable tourism 107
6.1 Guidelines for sustainable tourism at the destination 107
6.2 Guidelines for sustainable tourism in protected areas 109
7 The future of sustainable tourism 113
7.1 Towards a general concept of sustainable tourism 113
7.2 "Sustainable mass tourism"? 116
8 References 119
9 Acknowledgements 125
10 Index 127