Glaubensvorstellungen und Lebensordnungen
Ein Schwarm Hirsche fliegt eng aneinander geschmiegt dem Himmel zu, eine Herde Kamele mit ihrem Treiber, der auf dem Leittier sitzt, ein alter würdiger Mann mit Bart und einem Kelch vor dem Nabel schaut uns mit großen Augen an oder ein Heer gepanzerter Reiterkrieger und Menschen, deren Köpfe von einem Strahlenkranz umgeben sind – dies sind nur einige der eindrucksvollen Bilder, die uns, in Stein gehauen, in Zentralasien begegnen. Dieser Band führt an Orte, die bislang nur Spezialisten oder Einheimischen bekannt waren.
Ob in den Hochgebirgen, die nur wenige Wochen im Jahr ohne Eis sind, oder in den Hügelketten der glühend heißen kasachischen und mongolischen Steppe finden sich die mehr als fünf Jahrtausende alten Steinbilder. Für die Einheimischen sind diese Orte bis heute heilig.
Dieses Buch bietet eine fachkundige Einleitung in das Gebiet der Felsbilder und gibt einen faszinierenden Einblick in eine uns unbekannte Welt. Informative Erklärungen zu zahlreichen Fotografien, die auf Reisen durch die Mongolei, Kasachstan und Kirgistan entstanden sind, lassen Leser*innen in das Leben prähistorischer Gesellschaften Zentralasiens eintauchen.
Religious ideas and changing societies in prehistoric Central Asia
A flock of deer flying close together towards the sky, a herd of camels with their driver sitting on the lead animal, an old dignified man with a beard holding a chalice in front of his navel looking at us with wide eyes, or an army of armoured mounted warriors and people whose heads are surrounded by a halo of rays - these are just some of the impressive images we encounter, carved in stone, in Central Asia. This volume takes us to places that were previously known only to specialists or locals.
Whether in the high mountains, which are only free of ice for a few weeks a year, or in the hills under the scorching sun in the Kazakh and Mongolian steppes, we find stone images that are often more than five millennia old. For the locals, these places are sacred to this day.
This book offers an expert introduction to the area of rock art in Central Asia and provides a fascinating insight into a hidden and not well known world. Informative explanations of numerous photographs taken on journeys through Mongolia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan allow readers to immerse themselves in the life of prehistoric societies in Central Asia from the stone age up to the 9th century AD. (Verlagstext)
Inhaltsverzeichnis:
Vom Menschen in der zentralasiatischen Felskunst.............................................8
The Human Face in CentralAsian RockArt........................................................ 11
ZumAufbau des Buches.................................................................................12
The Structure ofthe Book...............................................................................13
Wasist Felskunst?................................................................................................16
WhatisRockArt?................................................................................................ 17
Datierung von Petroglyphen.........................................................................20
Dating ofPetroglyphs.....................................................................................21
Felskunst in Zentralasien - eine kurze Zeitleiste...........................................24
RockArt in CentralAsia-A ShortTimeline...................................................25
Menschen aufPetroglyphen-VierKonzepte.....................................................27
Humans on Petroglyphs- FourConcepts.......................................................... 27
Konzept 1: Hand-und Fußabdruck............................................................... 28
Concept 1: Hand- and Footprints................................................................... 29
Konzept 2: Strichmännchen...........................................................................30
Concept 2: Stickman.......................................................................................31
Konzept 3: Ganzkörperdarstellung............................................................... 34
Concept 3: Full Body Representation............................................................34
Konzept 4: Masken........................................................................................ 36
Concept 4: Masks .......................................................................................... 37
Felsbilder-Tiere und Menschen.........................................................................40
DerSonnengott............................................................................................. 40
RockArt Images-Animals and Humans........................................................... 40
The Sun God...................................................................................................40
Tiere - Ziege, Steinbock, Hund,Wolf, Leopard,Wildschwein,
Rind, Kamel,Vögel..........................................................................................42
Animals- Goat, Ibex, Dog,Wolf, Leopard, Boar,Cattle,Camel,Birds............ 43
Das Pferd .......................................................................................................44
The Horse.......................................................................................................45
Wagen aufRädern..........................................................................................48
Wheeled Vehicles ..........................................................................................49
Waffen ...........................................................................................................54
Weapons......................................................................................................... 55
Bogen.............................................................................................................56
Bow.................................................................................................................57
Felskunst-Stätten:Mongolei, Kasachstan und Kirgistan................................... 59
RockArt Sites: Mongolia,Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan......................................... 61
Klimaveränderung ........................................................................................63
Climate Change..............................................................................................65
Sprachen und Ethnizität.................................................................................68
Languages and Ethnicity.................................................................................69
Die Seidenstraßen...........................................................................................72
The Silk Roads................................................................................................ 73
Lokale archäologische Kulturen und Stile.......................................................... 76
Local ArchaeologicalCultures and Styles............................................................ 77
Afanasievo (Afanasevo) undAndronova Kultur...........................................78
Afanasievo (Afanasevo) andAndronova Culture ......................................... 79
Die Chemurchek-Kultur ...............................................................................80
The Chemurchek Culture ............................................................................. 81
Die Hirschsteinkultur (1400-800 v.Chr.)...................................................... 84
The Deer Stone Culture (1400-800 BC)........................................................ 85
Der zentralasiatischeTierstil......................................................................... 94
The Central Asian Animal Style......................................................................95
Frühe Nomaden und derTierstil....................................................................96
Early Nomads and the Animal Style .............................................................. 97
Derskythische Stil (frühe Eisenzeit 900-100 v.Chr.) ................................. 102
The Scythian Style (Early IronAge 900-100 BC)...................................... 103
Die Pazyryk-Kultur.................................................................................... 108
The PazyrykCulture.................................................................................. 109
Tamgas...................................................................................................... 112
Tamgas...................................................................................................... 113
Alttürkische Steinstatuen: Balhal (500-900 n.Chr.) ...................................116
Old Turkic Stone Statues:Balbal (500 - 900AD)........................................ 119
Balbal.................................................................................................................122
Balbal.................................................................................................................122
Hirschsteine ..................................................................................................... 142
DeerStones....................................................................................................... 142
Petroglyphen..................................................................................................... 156
Petroglyphs....................................................................................................... 156
Kirgistan - Kyrgyzstan .............................................................................. 159
SaimaluuTash....................................................................................... 160
Urmaral ................................................................................................. 184
CholponAta ......................................................................................... 188
Kasachstan - Kazakhstan.......................................................................... 193
Tamgaly - Kulzhabasy............................................................................ 194
BayanZhurek ....................................................................................... 218
Mongolei- Mongolia...................................................................................225
Provinz Bayan Ölgii-Bayan Ölgii Province............................................ 226
Shiveet Khairkhan .................................................................................. 226
TavanBogd ........................................................................................... 250
BagaOigor............................................................................................. 254
BagaOigorIV......................................................................................... 268
BagaOigor II............................................................................................276
Biluut....................................................................................................... 282
Altantsögts ........................................................................................... 294
Provinz Khovd - Khovd Province......................................................... 298
KhoidTsenkherAgui ............................................................................ 298
Tsambagaravyn Khar Khad, Endenebüren Sum .................................. 304
Yamaan Us................................................................................................307
Provinz GobiAltai-GobiAltai Province............................................. 310
Bayan Uul ............................................................................................... 312
TsagaanGol........................................................................................... 330
Provinz Dundgov’ - Dundgov’ Province............................................... 334
Del Berge - Del Mountains .................................................................. 334
Grab der 32 Menschen-Tombofthe 32 people.................................... 350
Provinz Ömnögov- Ömnögov Province................................................ 362
Khavtsgait............................................................................................... 362
Provinz Khentii- Khentii Province..........................................................372
RashaanKhad..........................................................................................372
Behind the Scenes........................................................................................... 380
Bibliografie - Bibliography .............................................................................. 392
Bildnachweis- PhotoCredits..........................................................................400